Name: Rough Topaz from Nigeria - 42.4 CTW
Brand: GemerLand
SKU: SR-TOPZ00027
Price: 59.29 AUD
Availability: InStock

Topaz is an aluminium silicate mineral with varying amounts of fluorine (F) and hydroxyl (OH) which replace each other through isomorphous replacement. Extreme outer limits with only fluorine or only hydroxyl have not been reported.
As a gemstone, topaz is the birthstone of November and imperial topaz is used to celebrate the 23rd year of marriage.

Name	Topaz
Varieties	Imperial Topaz, Mystic Topaz
Refractive Index	Varies by color, 1.607-1.649
Colors	Colorless, white, gray, pale to medium blue, greenish, yellow, yellow-brown, orange, pale pink, deep pink, tan, beige, red
Hardness	8
Wearability	Very Good
Enhancements	Pink or red, may be heat treated. Most blue topaz has been irradiated and heat treated. CVD treatment (surface coating) used to create mystic topaz
Typical Treatments	Heat Treatment, Irradiation, Surface Coating
Etymology	From the Sanskrit tapas for fire, alluding to the orange color, or from Topazios, an ancient Greek name for St. John's Island in the Red Sea where the gem was said to be mined
Inclusions	Usually planes of two or more non-miscible liquids, each containing a gas bubble. Two and three-phase inclusions have also been noted

Sources

Today’s major sources are Brazil, Russia, Australia, Mexico, Pakistan, United States.

Care

Due to topaz’s perfect cleavage, don’t use ultrasonic or steam systems to clean them. Both vibrations and heat could cause these gems to split. Instead, use a soft brush, mild detergent, and warm water.

Some prongs can place stress on topaz’s cleavage plane. However, an expert custom jewelry maker can set this stone properly to avoid stress. Protective settings can also minimize the strain on a topaz.